Madagascar: Tropical cyclone ENAWO, Mar 2017

Situation overview
Tropical cyclone “Enawo” made landfall on March 7th at around 11:00 local time over Antalaha district, near Antalaha city (Sava Region). As of 15:00 local time, wind speeds had weakened from peaks of 300km/h to 166 km/h. The cyclone was forecasted to move at slow pace south-west weakening into a tropical storm. Heavy rain and strong winds were forecast to affect northern and central Madagascar. As of 8 March at 7.00 UTC, Meteo Madagascar had issued a Red Alert in the regions of Diana, Sava, Sofia, Analanjirofo, Alaotra-Mangoro, Atsinanana, Boeny, Betsiboka, Analamanga, Itasy, Bongolava, and Vakinankaratra (Reliefweb). Antananarivo was likely to be part of the Red Alert zone as of 8 March where flooding and water stagnation could lead to outbreaks of life-threatening waterborne diseases. The Government of Madagascar declared a national situation of emergency on 14 March 2017 due to the impact of Cyclone Enawo. According to the preliminary exposure analysis of the cyclone of UNOSAT, 15 million people were initially exposed to wind speed of at least 60km/h: - 1,977,530 people are exposed to the 120 km/h winds, - 2,711,322 people are exposed to the 90 km/h winds, - and 10,208,890 people are exposed to the 60 km/h winds. About 700.000 people are living in the flood hazard zones with a 25 years return period and were potentially exposed to 60 km/h winds while 290,000 people were exposed to 90 km/h sustained wind speed and 260.000 in the 120km/h. Enawo appears similar to Cyclone Ivan, which in 2008 affected 525,000 people, including 195,000 people displaced. Existing capacities are expected to be exceeded. A team was deployed to the potential affected areas on Sunday 5 March and another one was on stand-by to travel after the passage of the cyclone. OCHA has deployed capacity from Regional office in Nairobi with a Humanitarian Affairs Officer. Led by national authorities, including the BNGRC, national line ministries and their district counterparts, humanitarian partners have initiated response activities targeting vulnerable people and families in the areas most affected by the cyclone. -The remnants of Intense Tropical Cyclone Enawo exited Madagascar on the morning of Friday 10 March 2017. The storm traversed nearly the length of the island over two days, affecting communities from north to south across Madagascar’s eastern and central regions. -Wind damage and widespread flooding in cyclone-affected parts of the north-east, as well as heavy rains in eastern, central and south-eastern parts of the country have been recorded. -Favourable weather conditions since 10 March have permitted national authorities and humanitarian partners to initiate rapid assessments in north-eastern, eastern and south-eastern parts of the country. -Initial humanitarian impacts in the areas of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Shelter, Health, Food Security, Protection and Education, as well as Logistics have been identified. Field coordination hubs are being jointly reinforced by national authorities and humanitarian partners in Maroantsetra and Antalaha. -Food availability is a challenge to affected populations in remote areas cut off by damaged roads. 100% of the crops and rice fields in Antalaha and Sambava have been submerged and destroyed. -The cyclone’s high winds and resulting flood waters inundated and contaminated wells and damaged water systems throughout the affected area, with more than 1,300 wells flooded / water polluted and more than 250 water infrastructure (wells, hand pumps, water systems) damaged. Access to health has also been jeopardized with the Ministry of Health and WHO reporting at least 105 basic health facilities have been damaged, of which 16 were completely destroyed. -Several districts in Sava region and around Antananarivo have been cut off by landslides. Communications lines are down due to power outages. -In the Analanjirofo region, where more than 10,000 people are displaced, two school buildings have collapsed, an airport road is blocked, and there are more than 500 houses flooded in the districts of Mananara Nord, Maroantsetra, Vavatenina and Soanierana Ivongo. Flood waters in Maroantsetra have attained a height of four meters. The emerging response strategy envisages a large-scale multi-sectoral response in the north-eastern districts of Antalaha (Sava Region) and Maroantsetra (Analanjirofo Region), where the cyclone’s impact and resulting humanitarian needs are greatest, and more targeted multi-sectoral response in specific pockets of central and south-eastern Madagascar where humanitarian needs have been identified, including in the districts of Fenerive Est (Analanjirofo Region), Toamasina II and Brickaville (Atsinanana Region) and in Farafangana and Vangaindrano (Atsimo Atsinanana Region). However, the BNGRC and humanitarian partners have agreed that humanitarian needs related to the – largely preventive – evacuation of vulnerable households in the capital, Antananarivo, have been met within existing, incountry capacities. Since the start of the response, more than 76,400 people have received food assistance, and more than 55,700 people have received WASH support. In addition, 60,000 people have received support to access health care, while 8,050 households have benefited from emergency shelter assistance. The Education Cluster has also provided emergency educational needs of 45,100 children. An elevated rate of malaria cases has been reported from Antalaha and Brickaville in comparison to March 2016; however, no increase in cases of diarrhoea has been reported to date. To the moment, there are a total of 434,000 affected people of which 5,300 had been displaced. In the 58 affected districts there are approximately 40,520 damaged houses. The number of deaths associated with the impact of the storm has risen to 81 with 18 people who remain missing and 253 injured. In addition, at least 34,377 people affected by the cyclone have received WASH assistance and 31,025 people have received food assistance. Many people displaced by the cyclone have returned to their homes dropping the number of displaced considerably. On 12 March 2017 the IFRC launched an Emergency Appeal for 5,000 cyclone affected households. And on 23 March 2017, humanitarian partners in Madagascar and the Government jointly launched a Flash Appeal for $20 million to provide support to 250,000 vulnerable people affected by Cyclone Enawo. UNDAC mission has concluded on 24 March and the work has been handed over to national and incountry counterparts. More detailed information is available at the latest uploaded Situation Reports and ACAPS briefing note.	Maps Map Cyclone Enawo
Status of request for assistance
OCHA/FCSS deployed a ten-people UNDAC team to support the Government of Madagascar and the RC in response to the cyclone. Three UNDAC members arrived in the country on Tuesday 8th of March, while the others are expected to land on Thursday 9th of March. The UNDAC Team leader is Peter Muller (muller2@un.org, +41795350434). Local number of UNDAC members already in country: Benedikte Lindland: +261 (0)32 99 263 02 Thomas Gerard (TSF): +261 (0) 32 99 263 03 Philip Upson: +261 (0) 32 99 263 04 UNDAC email is : undac_madagascar_2017@undac.org